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        <h1 class="title">Vue.js的数据响应式原理</h1>
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            <ol class="post-toc"><li class="post-toc-item post-toc-level-2"><a class="post-toc-link" href="#学习笔记-Vue-js对的数据响应式原理"><span class="post-toc-number">1.</span> <span class="post-toc-text">学习笔记 : Vue.js对的数据响应式原理</span></a><ol class="post-toc-child"><li class="post-toc-item post-toc-level-3"><a class="post-toc-link" href="#初始数据链"><span class="post-toc-number">1.1.</span> <span class="post-toc-text">初始数据链</span></a></li><li class="post-toc-item post-toc-level-3"><a class="post-toc-link" href="#Vue中的数据链"><span class="post-toc-number">1.2.</span> <span class="post-toc-text">Vue中的数据链</span></a></li><li class="post-toc-item post-toc-level-3"><a class="post-toc-link" href="#数据绑定视图"><span class="post-toc-number">1.3.</span> <span class="post-toc-text">数据绑定视图</span></a></li></ol></li></ol>
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        <h1 class="post-card-title">Vue.js的数据响应式原理</h1>
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            <time class="post-time" title="2019-07-21 14:32:26" datetime="2019-07-21T14:32:26.000Z"  itemprop="datePublished">2019-07-21</time>

            


            

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            <h2 id="学习笔记-Vue-js对的数据响应式原理"><a href="#学习笔记-Vue-js对的数据响应式原理" class="headerlink" title="学习笔记 : Vue.js对的数据响应式原理"></a>学习笔记 : Vue.js对的数据响应式原理</h2><p><em>简介 : <code>Vue</code>中最重要的概念就是响应式数据,一方面是指衍生和元数据之间的响应,通过数据链来实现. 另一方面是指视图与数据之间的绑定 .</em></p>
<h3 id="初始数据链"><a href="#初始数据链" class="headerlink" title="初始数据链"></a>初始数据链</h3><p><em>数据链在学术上被定义为连通数据的链路,在这条链路上有一到多个数据起点(元数据),并通过改点不断衍生扩展新的节点(衍生数据),形成 一个庞大的网状结构. 当你修改数据起点时, 所有存在网上的节点值都将会同步更新,如下图所示 :</em></p>
<p><img src="/2019/07/21/Vue-js的数据响应式原理/data-chain.png" alt></p>
<h3 id="Vue中的数据链"><a href="#Vue中的数据链" class="headerlink" title="Vue中的数据链"></a>Vue中的数据链</h3><p><em>Vue实例提供了<code>computed</code>计算属性选项,以供开发者生成衍生数据对象. 虽然计算属性以函数形式声明,却并不接受参数,也只能以属性的方式调用. 由于计算属性的<code>this</code>指向<code>Vue</code>实例,所以它可以获取实例上所有已挂载的可见属性,如下示例此程序 :</em><br><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">html</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">head</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">meta</span> <span class="attr">charset</span>=<span class="string">"utf-8"</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">script</span> <span class="attr">src</span>=<span class="string">"../resources/vue.js"</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">script</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">title</span>&gt;</span>Vue中的数据链<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">title</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">style</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="css">			<span class="selector-id">#app</span>&#123;</span></span><br><span class="line">				font-family: "lucida console",sans-serif;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="css">				<span class="selector-tag">color</span>: <span class="selector-id">#67B168</span>;</span></span><br><span class="line">			&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="css">			<span class="selector-class">.data-label</span>&#123;</span></span><br><span class="line">				display: inline-block;</span><br><span class="line">				width: 160px;</span><br><span class="line">			&#125;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">style</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">head</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">body</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">			<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">strong</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"data-label"</span>&gt;</span>A<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">strong</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">input</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">"text"</span> <span class="attr">v-model</span>=<span class="string">"a"</span> /&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">			<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">strong</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"data-label"</span>&gt;</span>B<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">strong</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">input</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">"text"</span> <span class="attr">v-model</span>=<span class="string">"b"</span> /&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">			<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">strong</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"data-label"</span>&gt;</span>C=A*2+2<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">strong</span>&gt;</span>&#123;&#123;c&#125;&#125;<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">			<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">strong</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"data-label"</span>&gt;</span>D=A+B*2<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">strong</span>&gt;</span>&#123;&#123;d&#125;&#125;<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">			<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">strong</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"data-label"</span>&gt;</span>E=B/2<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">strong</span>&gt;</span>&#123;&#123;e&#125;&#125;<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">			<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">strong</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"data-label"</span>&gt;</span>F=C+D<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">strong</span>&gt;</span>&#123;&#123;f&#125;&#125;<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">			<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">strong</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"data-label"</span>&gt;</span>G=D-E<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">strong</span>&gt;</span>&#123;&#123;g&#125;&#125;<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">div</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">script</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript">			<span class="keyword">let</span> vm = <span class="keyword">new</span> Vue(&#123;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="actionscript">				el: <span class="string">'#app'</span>,</span></span><br><span class="line">				data() &#123;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="actionscript">					<span class="keyword">return</span> &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line">						a: 3,</span><br><span class="line">						b: 4</span><br><span class="line">					&#125;</span><br><span class="line">				&#125;,</span><br><span class="line"><span class="actionscript">				<span class="comment">//计算属性将被混入到Vue实例中.</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="actionscript">				<span class="comment">//所有getter和setter的this上下文自动地绑定为Vue实例.</span></span></span><br><span class="line">				computed: &#123;</span><br><span class="line">					c() &#123;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="actionscript">						<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="keyword">this</span>.a * <span class="number">2</span> + <span class="number">2</span></span></span><br><span class="line">					&#125;,</span><br><span class="line">					d() &#123;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript">						<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="built_in">Number</span>(<span class="keyword">this</span>.a) + <span class="keyword">this</span>.b * <span class="number">2</span></span></span><br><span class="line">					&#125;,</span><br><span class="line">					e() &#123;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="actionscript">						<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="keyword">this</span>.b / <span class="number">2</span></span></span><br><span class="line">					&#125;,</span><br><span class="line">					f() &#123;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript">						<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="built_in">Number</span>(<span class="keyword">this</span>.c) + <span class="built_in">Number</span>(<span class="keyword">this</span>.d)</span></span><br><span class="line">					&#125;,</span><br><span class="line">					g() &#123;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="actionscript">						<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="keyword">this</span>.d - <span class="keyword">this</span>.e</span></span><br><span class="line">					&#125;</span><br><span class="line">				&#125;</span><br><span class="line">			&#125;);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">script</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">body</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">html</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p><em>程序运行效果如下图所示 :</em><br><figure class="image-bubble">
                <div class="img-lightbox">
                    <div class="overlay"></div>
                    <img src="/2019/07/21/Vue-js的数据响应式原理/Vue-数据链.PNG" alt title>
                </div>
                <div class="image-caption"></div>
            </figure></p>
<h3 id="数据绑定视图"><a href="#数据绑定视图" class="headerlink" title="数据绑定视图"></a>数据绑定视图</h3><p><em>下面通过一个示例程序,事实现数据与视图之间的<code>双向绑定</code> : 在对象函数的setter函数中修改文本节点的值,所以当obj.profile被重新赋值时,节点视图也会同步更新; 然后对输入框添加事件监听(addEventListener),当用户事件触发时,输入值将被赋予obj.profile. 以此方式,我们实现了数据与视图之间的双向绑定,这也就是Vue数据与视图绑定的实现原理 .</em><br><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">html</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">head</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">meta</span> <span class="attr">charset</span>=<span class="string">"utf-8"</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">title</span>&gt;</span>Vue.js数据绑定视图的实现原理<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">title</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">head</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">body</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">span</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"harry"</span> <span class="attr">style</span>=<span class="string">"line-height: 32px;"</span>&gt;</span>&amp;nbsp;<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">span</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">input</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"trigger"</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">"text"</span> /&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">script</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript">			<span class="keyword">let</span> harry = <span class="built_in">document</span>.getElementById(<span class="string">"harry"</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript">			<span class="keyword">let</span> trigger = <span class="built_in">document</span>.getElementById(<span class="string">"trigger"</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript">			<span class="keyword">let</span> key = <span class="string">'profile'</span> <span class="comment">//对象属性键名</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript">			<span class="keyword">let</span> store = &#123;&#125; <span class="comment">//辅助get取值</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript">			<span class="keyword">let</span> obj = &#123; <span class="comment">//对象</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="actionscript">				profile: <span class="string">''</span></span></span><br><span class="line">			&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript">			<span class="built_in">Object</span>.defineProperty(obj, key, &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript">				<span class="keyword">set</span>(value) &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="actionscript">					harry.innerText = value <span class="comment">//重点:修改DOM节点视图</span></span></span><br><span class="line">					store[key] = value</span><br><span class="line">				&#125;,</span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript">				<span class="keyword">get</span>() &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="actionscript">					<span class="keyword">return</span> store[key]</span></span><br><span class="line">				&#125;</span><br><span class="line">			&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="actionscript">			trigger.addEventListener(<span class="string">'keyup'</span>, <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span><span class="params">()</span> </span>&#123;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="actionscript">				obj[key] = <span class="keyword">this</span>.value</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript">				<span class="built_in">console</span>.log(obj[key])</span></span><br><span class="line">			&#125;)</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">script</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">body</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">html</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p><em>程序运行效果如下图所示 :</em><br><figure class="image-bubble">
                <div class="img-lightbox">
                    <div class="overlay"></div>
                    <img src="/2019/07/21/Vue-js的数据响应式原理/Vue-数据绑定视图的实现原理.PNG" alt title>
                </div>
                <div class="image-caption"></div>
            </figure></p>
<p><em>在Vue中,当我们把普通的JavaScript对象传给Vue实例的data选项时,Vue将遍历对象属性,并使用<code>Object.defineProperty</code>将其全部转换为<code>getter/setter</code>,并在组件渲染时将属性记录为依赖. 之后当依赖项的setter函数被调用时,会通知<code>watcher</code>重新计算并更新其关联的所有组件. 由于Object.definedProperty是<code>ES5</code>中一个无法shim(自定义扩展)的特性,所以Vue应用无法运行在不支持Objcet.defineProperty的IE8及其以下版本的浏览器上 .</em></p>

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